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STUDENT I.D. NO. _____ STUDENT NAME ______________ SCORE: _____ Points: 100
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| This series of questions will be used to create the 20 questions on the back of the wildlife
scorecard. Answers are located at the bottom of the page. |
| |
| __________ |
1. Remnant native prairies are located primarily in this part of Missouri: |
| A. West-central & southwest |
| B. Northeast & east |
| C. East-central & southeast |
| |
| __________ |
2. Several species of wildlife use grasslands for: |
| A. All of these |
| B. Foraging |
| C. Roosting |
| D. Dusting |
| E. Nesting |
| |
| __________ |
3. The maximum density or the upper limit of survival possible of a species that particular
range or area is capable of supporting during a definite period of the year is referred to as: |
| A. Carrying capacity |
| B. Diversity |
| C. Habitat |
| D. Limit |
| |
| __________ |
4. Warm-season grasses should be cut for hay during this period: |
| A. May to mid June |
| B. Late June through early August |
| C. Late June to early July |
| D. August only |
| |
| __________ |
5. The transition zone or area between two or more diverse communities or habitat types is
referred to as an ecotone, but more commonly called: |
| A. Border |
| B. Niche |
| C. Edge |
| D. Zone |
| |
| __________ |
6. Caution should be used when grazing in woodlands to avoid damaging tree growth and
wildlife ground cover. |
| A. True |
| B. False |
| |
| __________ |
7. An organism or species that is not native to the region in which it is found |
| A. Exothermic |
| B. Endangered |
| C. Endemic |
| D. Exotic |
| |
| __________ |
8. Cool season grasses do most of their growing during the spring and fall. |
| A. True |
| B. False |
| |
| __________ |
9. The following is not a grass: |
| A. Foxtail |
| B. Yellow nutgrass |
| C. Purple top |
| D. Downy chess |
| |
| __________ |
10. Remnant native prairies considered to be in poor condition should not be fertilized, limed
or have seed added. |
| A. True |
| B.False |
| |
| __________ |
11. A low growing, woody plant with several permanent stems arising from a common base. |
| A. Forb |
| B.Shrub |
| C. Herb |
| D. Grass |
| |
| __________ |
12. The parameter or limit in an animal’s habitat that outweighs all other in limiting productivity
is called a: |
| A. Succession |
| B. Niche |
| C. Limiting Factor |
| D. Dominant Factor |
| |
| __________ |
13. Quail and rabbits prefer grasses that grow in clumps, rather than those that form dense
sods. |
| A. True |
| B. False |
| |
| __________ |
14. Research has shown that rabbits and quail rarely move further than this distance between
different habitat components. |
| A. One-half mile |
| B. One mile |
| C. Two miles |
| D. One-eighth mile |
| |
| __________ |
15. This type of grazing would be best for both livestock production and wildlife habitat: |
| A. Patch burn grazing |
| B. No grazing |
| C. Continuous severe grazing |
| D. Rotation grazing |
| |
| __________ |
16. Usually the most productive grazing practice for nesting wildlife is: |
| A. Heavy |
| B. Rotational |
| C. Light to moderate |
| D. Mob grazing |
| |
| __________ |
17. In wildlife management, a strip of herbaceous or woody vegetation, usually low growing
and more than 30 feet in width, established along the edges of fields, woodlands, or
streams. |
| A. Degradation strip |
| B. Interspersion area |
| C. Indicator area |
| D. Border |
| |
| __________ |
18. This plant is not a legume: |
| A. Partridge pea |
| B. Sunflower |
| C. Lead plant |
| D. Lespedeza |
| |
| __________ |
19. A plant that completes its life cycle in two years. |
| A. Annual |
| B. Seasonal |
| C. Perennial |
| D. Biennial |
| |
| __________ |
20. Which plant types are the dominant species in a grassland? |
| A. Grasses, shrubs and legumes |
| B. All plant species |
| C. Grasses and forbs |
| D. Woody plants, grasses, forbs, and legumes |
| |
| __________ |
21. Warm-season grasses should not be grazed closer to the ground than: |
| A. 2 (two) inches |
| B. 20 (twenty) inches |
| C. 8 (eight) inches |
| D. ½ (one half) inch |
| |
| __________ |
22. The peak of quality and quantity of warm-season grasses is in: |
| A. April |
| B. May |
| C. July |
| D. September |
| |
| __________ |
23. Burning a native prairie periodically under proper conditions benefits wildlife by: |
| A. Making nests harder for predators to find |
| B. Improving conditions for animal mobility |
| C. Exposing bare areas for dusting |
| D. Removing excess plant litter |
| E. All of the above |
| |
| __________ |
24. Heavy grazing or excessive haying could cause undesirable plants to: |
| A. Increase |
| B. Decrease |
| C. Completely Die Out |
| |
| __________ |
25. Proper management of a grassland may include: |
| A. Haying |
| B. Fertilizing |
| C. Grazing |
| D. Prescribed Fire |
| E. Over-seeding |
| F. All of these |
| |
| __________ |
26. Missouri has this many acres that are considered to be grasslands. |
| A. 5 million |
| B. 25 thousand |
| C. 13 million |
| |
| __________ |
27. The stages through which an ecosystem passes from less complex to more complex, ie,
from bare ground to an oak hickory forest in MO is called:. |
| A. Niche |
| B. Limiting Factor |
| C. Dominant Factor |
| D. Succession |
| |
| __________ |
28. The soil temperature at which warm-season grasses grow most efficiently is between
(degrees F): |
| A. 88 - 100oF |
| B. 40- 78oF |
| C. 55 - 90oF |
| |
| __________ |
29. The place where the animal lives; where all its requirements for life are fulfilled is referred
to as its: |
| A. Carrying Capacity |
| B. Diversity |
| C. Habitat |
| D. Home |
| |
| __________ |
30. A cross section of an area used as a sample for recording, mapping, or studying
vegetation. |
| A. Indigenous sample |
| B. Spot Sample |
| C. Sward |
| D. Transect |
| |
| __________ |
31. Any plant that by its presence, frequency, or vigor indicates any particular property of the
site. |
| A. Site specific plant |
| B. Perennial |
| C. Indicator plant |
| D. Decreasers plant |
| |
| __________ |
32. The stages through which an organism passes during its existence. |
| A. Life cycle |
| B. Edge Effect |
| C. Succession |
| D. None of these |
| |
| __________ |
33. A plant that is capable of removing nitrogen from the air and adding it to the soil by way of
its root system is called a: |
| A. Sedge |
| B. Legume |
| C. Rush |
| D. Grass |
| |
| __________ |
34. This plant is not a grass. |
| A. Green Foxtail |
| B. Birdsfoot trefoil |
| C. Downy chess |
| D. Sand Bur |
| |
| __________ |
35. Wildlife prefer grasses which: |
| A. Form a dense sod with a high stem density at ground level |
| B. Grow in less dense stands with upright leaves |
| C. Have berries |
| |
| __________ |
36. Cool season grasses grow best during this time of year: |
| A. Spring/fall |
| B. Spring/summer |
| C. Summer |
| D. Summer/fall |
| |
| __________ |
37. A species (animal or plant) that is a part of the original fauna or flora of an area. |
| A. Organism |
| B. Predator |
| C. Exotic species |
| D. Native species |
| |
| __________ |
38. In a pasture rotation system, warm-season grasses are used to supplement cool-season
grasses during the:. |
| A. Summer |
| B. Winter |
| C. Fall |
| D. Spring |
| |
| __________ |
39. Which plant type(s) will live for at least two (2) years?. |
| A. Perennial and annual |
| B. Biennial and Perennial |
| C. Biennial and annual |
| D. Perennial only |
| |
| __________ |
40. Relatively small, often isolated native grasslands that occur on hilltops and south facing
slopes, where thin, dry soils and dry harsh desert like summer conditions harbor unique
natural communities of plants and animals.. |
| A. Glade |
| B. Sward |
| C. Savanna |
| D. Desert Tundra |
| |
| __________ |
41. The land area that drains toward a natural surface water system.. |
| A. Diversion terrace |
| B. Water course |
| C. Watershed |
| |
| __________ |
42. Cool-season grasses do not use soil nutrients as efficiently as native warm-season
grasses and require somewhat high fertility and soil pH. |
| A. False |
| B. True |
| |
| __________ |
43. Cutting hay on native prairies during September will: |
| A. Reduce the need for fertilizer |
| B. Weaken the native grasses |
| C. Improve wildlife habitat |
| D. Increase hay production next year |
| E. None of the above |
| |
| __________ |
44. Burning a warm-season grass pasture or hayfield should be: |
| A. Done in October every three years. |
| B. Prevented if at all possible. |
| C. Done at specific times to benefit wildlife and increase forage production. |
| D. Done in August every year. |
| |
| __________ |
45. Rabbits and quail use field edges where other habitat types are available rather than the
centers of large fields. |
| A. False |
| B. True |
| |
| __________ |
46. In this group are the mid to tall grasses, and forbs that are most liked by grazing animals
and repeated grazing may even destroy them. |
| A. Increasers |
| B. Biennial |
| C. Decreasers |
| D. Invaders |
| |
| __________ |
47. Which of the following functions are provided by well managed grasslands? |
| A. Nesting cover |
| B. Dusting cover |
| C. Thermal cover |
| D. vertical structure |
| E. All of the above |
| F. none of the above |
| |
| __________ |
48. What percentage of native grassland remains in Missouri? |
| A. 5% |
| B. 10% |
| C. 1/2% |
| D. 1% |
| |
| __________ |
49. Grassland wildlife prefer the following: |
| A. Native prairie (warm season grasses and forbs) |
| B. Non-native warm season grasses |
| C. Endophyte infected fescue |
| D. Well managed mixed cool season grasses and legumes |
| E. A and D |
| |
| __________ |
50. All rotation grazing is poor for wildlife. |
| A. True |
| B. False |
| |
| __________ |
51. Which of the following is not a purpose for prescribed burning? |
| A. woody plant control |
| B. to focus grazing intensity |
| C. increase forage |
| D. improve wildlife habitat |
| E. reduce litter |
| F. none of the above |
| |
| __________ |
52. Which of the following is a fungus that infects fescue and makes it more unsuitable for livestock and wildlife? |
| A. Neophyte |
| B. Mildew |
| C. Ergot |
| D. Endophyte |
| |
| __________ |
53. Herbaceous cover that is burned in fall or spring will not be suitable for nesting cover until: |
| A. Bare ground is completely eliminated |
| B. The vegetation reaches vertical height adequate to conceal the nesting hen. |
| C. The next growing season. |
| |
| __________ |
54. Which of the following has the best growth and structure characteristics for brood habitat: |
| A. A mixed stand of annual forbs |
| B. Closely grazed Caucasian Bluestem |
| C. A recently disturbed field with ragweed and crotons |
| D. An unburned stand of native grasses |
| E. A or C |
| |
| __________ |
55. Which of the following is not a component of quality brood cover? |
| A. Proximity to escape cover |
| B. Continuous ground cover |
| C. Bare ground |
| D. Open structure of forbs |
| |
| __________ |
56. Which of the following is not a component of suitable escape cover? |
| A. Heavy logs on the ground |
| B. A thicket of brambles |
| C. Thick, dense matted fescue |
| D. downed tree tops |
| |
| __________ |
57. Native prairie may consist of warm season and cool season grasses, sedges, forbs, and some shrubby species. |
| A. True |
| B. False |
| |
| __________ |
58. Quail prefer to nest within 500' of an edge. |
| A. True |
| B. False |
| |
| __________ |
59. Livestock and wildlife can be compatible. |
| A. True |
| B. False |
| |
| __________ |
60. Herbaceous cover is used for: |
| A. Food |
| B. Nesting/ brood cover |
| C. Roosting/ loafing |
| D. All of the above |
| |
| __________ |
61. Fields with crop residues that have been tilled under in the fall provide: |
| A. More food for wildlife |
| B. Very little or no benefit to wildlife |
| C. Adequate cover benefits for wildlife |
| |
| __________ |
62. A grass that does not form a dense sod, which is poor for wildlife, is: |
| A. Caucasian bluestem |
| B. Little bluestem |
| C. Fescue |
| D. Bermudagrass |
| |
| __________ |
63. The minimum recommended escape patch for quail and rabbits is:: |
| A. 150 sq ' |
| B. 15,000 sq ' |
| C. 1500 sq' |
| D. ¼ acre |
| |
| |
| Answers: |
| |
| 1. A |
| 2. A |
| 3. A |
| 4. B |
| 5. C |
| 6. D |
| 7. A |
| 8. B |
| 9. A |
| 10. B |
| 11. C |
| 12. A |
| 13. D |
| 14. A |
| 15. A |
| 16. C |
| 17. D |
| 18. B |
| 19. D |
| 20. C |
| 21. C |
| 22. C |
| 23. E |
| 24. A |
| 25. F |
| 26. C |
| 27. D |
| 28. C |
| 29. C |
| 30. D |
| 31. C |
| 32. A |
| 33. B |
| 34. B |
| 35. B |
| 36. A |
| 37. D |
| 38. A |
| 39. B |
| 40. A |
| 41. C |
| 42. B |
| 43. B |
| 44. C |
| 45. B |
| 46. C |
| 47. E |
| 48. C |
| 49. F |
| 50. B |
| 51. F |
| 52. D |
| 53. B |
| 54. E |
| 55. B |
| 56. C |
| 57. A |
| 58. B |
| 59. A |
| 60. D |
| 61. B |
| 62. B |
| 63. C |
| |
| Score Card Questions Revised: December 2009 |