2009 MISSOURI WINTER WHEAT PERFORMANCE TESTS |
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Entries and Seed Sources
Names of entries evaluated in 2009 and their seed sources are given in Table 1. Fifty-six soft red winter wheat varieties were tested comprised of 5 public, 3 public experimental, and 48 proprietary varieties. Two new public varieties were tested in 2009 including ‘Milton’ from the University of Missouri and ‘Merl’ from Virginia Tech. Public varieties adapted to Missouri’s growing conditions or recommended by the state of origin were entered in the 2009 variety tests under the sponsorship of the Missouri Seed Improvement Association or the originating state. Seed lots of named public varieties were acquired from the foundation seed organization of the originating state or from the University of Missouri Foundation Seed Organization. Numbered entries preceded by a state designation (i.e. VA 04W-90; GA 991209-6E33; GA 991336-6E9) were provided by the foundation seed organization or the wheat breeder of the originating state. These are experimental lines not yet available for commercial production. Public experimental lines were tested in order to gain preliminary Missouri data on varieties that may become available for commercial production in Missouri in 2010 or thereafter. Proprietary entries were submitted for testing on a fee basis by the developing company or sponsor. Condition of all seed lots (vigor, viability, seed treatment, etc.) was the responsibility of the company or organization submitting the entry for testing.Experimental Design and Seeding Methods:
Each soft red winter wheat experiment was planted using a 8 x 8 lattice design with four replications. All test plots consisted of a 15-foot, 6-row plot with 7-inch row spacing except for the Trenton and Novelty locations where test plots consisted of a 12-foot, 7-row plot with 7-inch row spacing. All entries were seeded at approximately 1.5 million seeds per acre, roughly equivalent to seeding 1.5 to 2 bushels per acre. Actual seeding rates were calculated from the thousand-kernel weights determined for each soft red winter wheat entry and ranged from 84 to 157 pounds per acre (Table 2). Seeding rates were not adjusted for germination. Except for the Trenton and Novelty locations, all entries were seeded into conventional seedbeds using a Hege 90™ plot drill equipped with six conventional double-disk openers. At Trenton and Novelty, entries were seeded directly into soybean stubble using a no-till plot drill equipped with AcraplantTM no-till openers.
Table 1. Names and sources of commercial soft red winter wheat
cultivars tested in Missouri in 2009.
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Variety Source/Contact |
Bess† Missouri Seed Improvement Assoc.
Roane† 3211 Lemone Industrial Blvd.
Truman† Columbia, MO 65210-8245
(573) 449-0586
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Table 2. Seed size of entries, seeds per pound and adjusted
seeding rates of seed lots used for establishing
soft red winter wheat entries during the fall of 2008.
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1,000- Seeds Adjusted
Kernel per seeding Seed
Variety weight pound rate† Treatment |
-g- -no/lb- -lb/acre- |
Table 3. Summary of agronomic practices used on wheat performance
trials in Missouri during 2008-2009. Fall nitrogen (N),
phosphorus (P2O5), and potassium (K2O) were pre-plant applied
and incorporated.
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2008
Predominant Previous Planting
Location soil type(s) crop date
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Northern Columbia Mexico silt loam soybean October 6 Novelty† Putnam silt loam soybean November 2 Trenton† Grundy silt loam soybean November 3 Southwest Lamar Parsons silt loam corn October 29 Mt. Vernon Gerald silt loam fallow October 30 Southeast Charleston‡ Sharkey silty clay corn October 22 Portageville Tiptonville silt loam soybean October 27 |
Fertility Management 2009
---------- N ---------- Harvest
Location Fall Spring Total P2O5 K2O date
---------------- lb/acre -------------------
|
Northern
Columbia 40 80 120 40 60 June 29
Novelty† 100 0 100 61 20 July 16
Trenton† 36 90 126 30 60 July 9
(split)
Southwest
Lamar 18 87 105 46 60 June 23
Mt. Vernon 40 80 120 - - June 24
Southeast
Charleston‡ 35 100 135 100 100 June 20
(split)
Portageville 40 80 120 - - June 18
† Entries were seeded directly into soybean stubble using a no-till
plot drill equipped with Acraplant™ no-till openers. At Trenton,
a spring application of 2,4,D was made and spring nitrogen was
split 40/50 lb/acre.
‡ Mid-winter application of Karate followed by spring applications of
Harmony and 2,4,D. Spring nitrogen was split 50/50 lb/acre.
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Agronomic Practices
Basic agronomic practices are given in Table 3 by location. Nitrogen was applied in split fall/spring applications. Except where indicated, spring nitrogen applications were generally made at or shortly after initial green-up (Feeke’s GS 6). Pre-plant phosphorous and potassium applications were based on soil test recommendations provided by the University of Missouri’s Soil Testing Laboratory located at Columbia or by a similar private soil testing facility. Planting dates were generally determined by the fly-free date for the given location. Management practices at Charleston differed from those at other locations as indicated in Table 3.